![]() ![]() Macbeth defeats Duncan and becomes King of Scotland.Įdward the Confessor becomes King of England.Įdward the Confessor dies. Malcolm II, King of Alba, defeated Uhtred of Northumbria, becomes first king of a united Scotland and establishes a border very similar to today's. Cnut divided England into four earldoms - Northumbria Wessex, Mercia and East Anglia - each at one time kingdoms in their own right.īattle of Carham - date and details uncertain. Once again, the Danes rule.Ĭnut marries Emma of Normandy, the widow of Ethelred. St Brice's Day massacre - King Ethelred orders the massacre of all Danes in England. The King, Ethelred, pays Danegeld (ie protection money) to buy peace. Having defeated the Danes in the north, Aethelstan accepts the submission of the kings of the Scots, Strathclyde Welsh, Cumbria and the Earl of Northumbria at Eamont Bridge, Cumbria.Ī combined invasion of Vikings, Welsh and Scots is crushed by Aethelstan at Brunanburh (no one knows where this was).Įdward, King of England, is martyred at Corfe, Dorset.īattle of Maldon - an English army is defeated by invading Vikings in Essex. He is generally accepted as the first king of all England. The reign of Alfred the Great, King of Wessex.ĭanes attack Chippenham at Christmas, forcing Alfred into hiding in Athelney, Somerset.Īlfred defeats the Danes at Edington (Ethandun), Wiltshire.Īlfred makes a treaty with the Danes that secures the Kingdoms of Wessex and Mercia and establishes the area of Danelaw north of the Thames and south of the Tees.Īethelstan is crowned King of Wessex. Vikings destroy Dumbarton, stronghold of the Kingdom of Strathclyde. Kenneth MacAlpine unites Picts and Scots to form one kingdom.Įdmund, King of East Anglia, is martyred by the Danes. Vikings raid Dorset - the first recorded Viking attack on Britain. He orders the construction of a defensive earthwork between Mercia and Powys, now known as Offa’s Dyke it still more or less defines the border between England and Wales. ![]() Synod of Whitby - determined that the English church would follow Rome, rather than the Celtic, Christian tradition.īattle of Dunnichen (or Dun Nechtain) - King Bridei's Picts stop the northern expansion of the Northumbrian Angles.īede completes his History of the English Church and People. St Cedd, a Northumbrian priest in the Celtic tradition, set out to evangelise the heathen East Saxons. Further British kingdoms are Powys, Gwynedd, Gwent (modern Wales), Rheged (Cumbria) and Strathclyde (south west Scotland), To the south-west are the West Welsh in Dumnonia (Devon) and Kernow (Cornwall). St Aidan founds a monastery at Lindisfarne.īy the end of the 7 th century, there are 7 main Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms in what is now modern England: Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia, Wessex, Kent, Sussex and Essex. ![]() In the wider context - Muhammad seizes Mecca. His Frankish wife, Bertha, was already Christian.Įdwin of Northumbria is the first Christian king in the north of England. King Ethelbert of Kent donates a site in Canterbury for a new cathedral. St Augustine lands in Thanet to convert the pagan Saxons in Kent. Pope Gregory saw Angles in Rome's slave market and dispatches Augustine to convert them to Christianity. St Columba founds a monastery on the island of Iona. British culture is generally extinguished from much of present day England but continues in western Britain. The battle later became associated with the legendary King Arthur - the last of 12 fabled battles he is said to have fought.Īngles, Saxons and Jutes conquer lowland England. Saxons are settled in southern England by this time.Ī possible date for the mysterious, possibly mythical, Battle of Mount Badon, in which the Britons under an unknown leader defeat the Saxons. The traditional date, according to Bede, for the arrival of Anglo-Saxons in South-East England. Here is a simple timeline of events during the so-called Dark Ages, the early medieval period, from the 5 th century to the Norman Conquest in 1066. ![]()
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